American Meteorological Society Certification (AMS) Practice

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What is meant by the term "storm surge"?

A sudden drop in temperature during a storm

An increase in atmospheric pressure before a storm

An abnormal rise in sea level caused by strong winds

The term "storm surge" specifically refers to an abnormal rise in sea level that occurs during a storm, primarily due to the effects of strong winds and low atmospheric pressure associated with it. When a storm, such as a hurricane or tropical storm, approaches the coastline, the powerful winds push water toward the shore, leading to an increase in sea level that can result in coastal flooding. This phenomenon can greatly amplify the effects of normal tides and can be extremely dangerous to coastal areas.

Understanding storm surge is critical for disaster preparedness and response, as it can lead to significant inundation and damage during severe weather events. The definition captures the essence of the mechanism by which storm surge occurs, emphasizing both the wind-driven component and the relative change in sea level in response to the storm's influence.

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A decrease in sea level during high tides

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